Photovoltaic-driven electrocatalysis/electrosorption technology, based on electrochemical processes, is a novel technological approach to remove organics and charged ions from water. Functional electrode materials derived from electrospinning can be served as electrode for electrocatalysis and electrosorption processes. Moreover, by developing an energy-efficient, integrated and modular electrochemical water treatment system, the electrochemical processes could be driven by solar photovoltaic systems. Therefore, the photovoltaic-driven electrochemical technology is expected to be a promising green methodology in water treatment.