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Pneumoperitoneum refers to the presence of free air in the abdominal cav ity. Accompanied with the clinical presentation of acute abdominal pain, p neumoperitoneum found on imaging is highly suggestive of a perforated viscus. Urgent surgical evaluation and intervention is required to reduce p atient morbidity and mortality as delayed treatment can lead to septic sho ck and multi-organ failure, eventually resulting in death. Computed tomography (CT) is the best imaging modality in identifying p neumoperitoneum. At present, response time to patients with pneumoper itoneum is heavily dependent on the vigilance of attending clinicians and turnaround reporting times of radiologists. This is however easily confoun ded by congested emergency departments with long lists of imaging due for reporting in addition to physician fatigue, amongst other factors. We therefore embarked on the development of an artificial intelligence (A I) algorithm via deep-learning to assist clinicians in the preliminary interpr etation of CT abdominal imaging. Upon completion of CT scans, the imag es are automatically uploaded into our AI algorithm for the screening of a bnormal free gas in the abdominal cavity. The process takes 5 minutes, an d those with positive findings are immediately alerted to the on-site radiol ogists and/or physicians for further confirmation. Our deep learning-powered novel algorithm and system thus assist with t he rapid identification of pneumoperitoneum on abdominal CT imaging, with the ultimate aim of hastening the subsequent surgical evaluation and intervention required by these patients for better clinical outcomes.
Future Tech | Biotechnology ＆ Medical careOur technology is based on an integrated self-powered wearable module for effective care of chronic wounds. Among them, the functional compon ents include (1) nanogenerators, which can directly convert energy such a s body movements and body heat into electricity, and the output can be c ontrolled between 1 and 30 volts, which is suitable for stimulating chronic wounds and promoting their healing; another feature is: pulse output, pulse duration and frequency can be controlled, suitable for different chronic wounds. (2) Smart dressing for infection prevention, containing bismuth t elluride nanoplates as thermoelectric catalysts, can produce low-concentr ation hydrogen peroxide of only uM when the difference between the env ironment and body temperature is only 5 degrees, without harming norm al cells and tissue, it helps the wound to avoid infection. (3) Wound monit oring APP. different wounds (like infected wound) and normal skin will hav e different resistance values, especially during the healing process of chro nic wounds, the resistance value will gradually increase, approaching nor mal skin, so that we can establish different calibration curves of the woun d can be used to know the healing status at any times without tearing the dressing, destroying the new tissue, and exposing the wound to the risk of infection; the signal transmission is through the Bluetooth system, which means that we can know remotely the degree of wound healing from time to time. In the future, it can further target more complex types of wounds suc h as venous ulcers, ischemic wounds or keloids, which not only provides p atients with a new type of personalized wound care, but also provides a n ew direction for the development of wearable medical devices.
Future Tech | Biotechnology ＆ Medical careThe surfactant protein D (SP-D) is produced by type II alveolar cells and se rves as an antimicrobial agent as well as to prevent inflammation. Our pre vious study examined single nucleotide polymorphisms in the SP-D gene i n Taiwanese COPD patients. We found that SP-D gene variants were relate d to COPD clinical manifestations, severity and prognosis. SP-D levels wer e significantly associated with COPD airflow obstruction. We found haplot ype G-G-C-C-A associated with lower COPD risk. COPD patients with hapl otype G-G-C-C-A had lower serum SP-D levels, higher rates of positive res ponse to bronchodilator treatment, more improvement of forced expirato ry volume in 1 s in yearly follow-up and better 3-year survival rate than C OPD patients with non G-G-C-C-A haplotype. It appears that SP-D haploty pe can be used as a prognostic factor in Chinese COPD patients. Our invention identifies SP-D gene variants that are predictive of COPD occurrence and prognosis, and has gained USA patent status. COPD, including chroni c bronchitis and emphysema, is Taiwan's seventh leading cause of death and America's third leading cause. Our innovation is that we are the first team in the world to apply fragment of recombinant human lung surfacta nt protein D (rfhSP-D) to treat ozone and cigarette-exposed mice model o f COPD. Exogenous rfhSP-D prevented the formation of oxidized low-den sity lipoprotein-induced foamy macrophage in vitro and reversed the airw ay inflammation and emphysematous changes caused by oxidative stress and CS exposure in vivo. SP-D upregulated the expression of genes involv ed in countering oxidative stress and lipid metabolism perturbations indu ced by CS and OxLDL in bone marrow-derived macrophages. We demonst rate that SP-D plays a crucial role in maintaining the lipid homeostasis of dysfunctional alveol
Future Tech | Biotechnology ＆ Medical careBiological samples that are transparent and thin are difficult to observe wi th a normal bright field microscope. Phase contrast and fluorescence micr oscopes are commonly used, but they have limitations in terms of image c larity and sample viability. AI-assisted 3D label-free quantitative microsco py overcomes these limitations by providing high-quality images and qua ntitative cellular information without the need for fluorescence dyes. By u sing structured light illumination and reconstruction algorithms, this appr oach enables the visualization of organelle structures and offers valuable s tatistical data for studying cell activity and drug effects on cancer cells. In contrast to expensive and specialized equipment required for commerc ial phase contrast microscopy, our system is modular and integrates illumi nation control, image acquisition, and phase reconstruction using thin-fil m transistor (TFT) panels. It can be easily incorporated into existing invert ed microscopes, providing high-quality images without the need for costl y setups. Automation of the system, including light source control and im age capture/storage, saves time and allows for flexible adjustments of the light source position and incident angles. The AI algorithms enhance imag e acquisition efficiency, sample applicability, and image quality, making th e system suitable for capturing dynamic cellular information, particularly f or rapidly changing cell behaviors like division or fusion, and enabling lon g-term observations.
Future Tech | Biotechnology ＆ Medical careIrritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional gastrointestinal disorder cha racterized by recurrent abdominal pain and changes in bowel habits. Alth ough IBS accounts for 20-40% of gastroenterology outpatients, there is n o satisfactory drug for the treatment of IBS abdominal pain and it is still a highly unmet need. We found the serotonin type 7 receptor (5-HT7R) is a new target for the treatment of IBS abdominal pain. After drug design and lead optimization, a safe and effective drug candidate DC105 was selectedfor preclinical studies, and an investigational new drug application is expe cted to be filed in 2024. This technique consists of three parts- 1. Discovery of novel mechanism and target: Colon biopsy specimens fro m IBS patients and healthy subjects were collected. Higher expression of 5 -HT7R was found in the specimens from IBS patient than that of healthy s ubjects. Human nerve cell line SH-SY5Y was used to confirm that adding i ntestinal tissue sterile supernatant, 5-HT, and neurotrophic factors can pr omote nerve fiber elongation, while pretreatment of DC105 or 5-HT7R ge ne silencing can reduce the length of nerve fibers. There is a positive feed back relationship between 5-HT and neurotrophic factors, which can caus e excessive growth of nerve fibers by 5-HT7R activation. Thus, 5-HT7R ant agonist is a promising treatment for IBS pain. 2. Establishment of a platform for evaluation of analgesic activity: The pos t-infection with water avoidance stress GW mice and the post-inflammatio n PT mice models were established. The visceral pain in mice and the drug activity to inhibit hyperalgesia were determined by measuring the visceral motor responses stimulated by colorectal distension. 3. Development of a first-in-class drug for IBS abdominal pain: DC105 is a highly specific 5-HT7R antagonist with suitable drug-like properties and s afety. After oral administration of DC-105, the visceral hypersensitivity wa s effectively reduced without affecting normal
Future Tech | Biotechnology ＆ Medical careAcute kidney injury (AKI) is a significant issue in ICU care. To improve the quality of care, we developed an AI model to predict AKI risk using clinical data. The steps are as follows: (1) We trained an AI model on data from 13,888 ICU admissions (2015-2019) and validated it with 2,897 records from 2020. The model utilized 60 features, including clinical physiological, medication, and laboratory data. The prediction performance reached AUROC:0.921(2015-2019), 0.928(2020). (2) Using the Lasso method, we selected 21 significant features for model training. The overall AKI prediction can still reach AUROC:0.911(2015-2019). (3) We cooperated with four medical centers by providing model parameters for external validation. The overall AUROC reached at least 0.833. (4) We developed a new model using a federated learning platform with five hospitals through Advantech technology. All hospitals made predictions on their data, with results surpassing single-model external validation. (5) The AKI model was deployed on the WISE-PaaS platform. For risk prob ability inference, real-time vital signs, medication, and related data were collected upon patient admission. The inferred AKI risk prediction was integrated into the dashboard, offering nephrotoxic drug alerts and drug dose suggestions. (6) A data transfer tool (ETL: Extractor, Transfer & Loader) was employed to establish data transfer jobs. Each job transferred data to the WISE-PaaS Database for inference. The inferred AKI prediction was updated in the hospital's clinical medical information system (EHIS), making it convenient for clinical staff. (7) We integrated the technology and results into a product called "AI Acute Kidney Injury Prediction: Real-time Inference Interactive Critical Care System." This product easily incorporates into hospital information systems for clinical use. The product prototype is complete, and software medical device certification is ongoing.
Future Tech | Biotechnology ＆ Medical careWe have successfully isolated 19 IgG autoantibodies against galactose-de ficient IgA1 autoantigen from a variety of IgA nephropathy (IgAN) patient s, utilizing both SPYMEG human hybridoma technology and phage-displa y technology). By comparing genetic analyses, we have designed primers t o amplify specific conserved gene regions of autoantibodies utilizing the VH3 family genes, including the representative primers as follows: Hvh3F: 5’-TCCCTGAGACTCTCCTGTGCA-3’; Hvh3R1: 5’-ATTGTCTCT GGAGATG GT-3’; Hvh3R2: 5’-CAGGCTGTTCATTTGCAG-3’ to pick out potential Ig AN cases by targeting such unique and specific autoantibodies. Meanwhil e, we have been collaborating with Thermo Fisher Scientific, Taiwan, to de sign specific probes for real-time PCR, to be utilized in clinical liquid biops y testing for IgAN, including: 1. Applied Biosystems assay 24- to 384-wellTaqMan Array cards (microfluidic cards) and 2. Digital PCR assay. Our esti mated benefits as follows: Domestic – NT$460 million; Global - NT$20 billi on.
Future Tech | Biotechnology ＆ Medical careThe Biodata Platform, an interministerial sustainable platform for Taiwan’s health big data, has been setup based on the 4-year Health Big Data project since 2021. The platform’s vision is to integrate the health data in Taiwan as an international benchmark for data-driven translational research and clinical practice for precision health. For project implementation, we set up the project office and established collaboration among Ministry of Health and Welfare (MOHW), Ministry of Economic Affairs (MOEA), and National Science and Technology Council (NSTC). The anticipated benefits of this platform include health big data infrastructure establishment, regulatory environment construction for using RWD/RWE in supporting decision making, biomedical translational research development, and biomedical industry innovation promotion. The platform involves (1) disease-specific databases which focused on cancer, infectious diseases, and cardiovascular diseases. In addition, the cross-ministerial mechanisms of data link and a single-entry portal will be set up. (2) To develop the RWD/RWE regulatory guidance and health technology assessment (HTA). (3) Artificial intelligence (AI) and the computing power of big data are utilized with biomedical databases to develop novel biomarkers and assessment models for disease risk prediction, diagnosis, and treatment. The platform also focuses on industry collaboration and innovation by establishing Public-Private Partnerships (PPP) alliance. Through the alliance and the coordinated operation mechanism to link the industry, government, and medical researchers. Hence, to further enhance the sustainable value of public health and well-being.
Future Tech | Biotechnology ＆ Medical careBiomedica - Bone Densitometer Solution, in conjunction with X1 Imaging, that can perform osteoporosis risk analysis on X-ray images and generate customized reports within 6 seconds. This system addresses the limitation s of conventional X-ray detection methods. It achieves a remarkable 90% accuracy in identifying osteoporosis. It assists physicians in interpreting X -ray images and providing disease diagnosis recommendations. The soluti on can be utilized in outpatient clinics and health screening centers to off er precise and rapid osteoporosis screening. It also facilitates healthcare fa cilities in reaching rural areas and communities to proactively provide oste oporosis screening services to the public. The solution targets conform to medical guidelines for osteoporosis diagnosis and simultaneously allow f or the detection of fractures. This solution fills the gap in the osteoporosis screening market and enables early detection and prevention for individu als at potential risk. Therefore, this solution has the potential to become a powerful tool for early disease prevention and screening, offering low-cos t examinations, rapid interpretation, widespread accessibility, and high ac curacy.
Future Tech | Biotechnology ＆ Medical careCurrent chimeric antigen receptor-T (CAR-T) cell therapies are all autolog ous, single antigen-targeted, rely on viral vectors and only for hematologi cal malignancies. On other hand, it is still absence of CAR-T cell products f or treating solid tumors which are allowed with allogeneic application, mu ltiple targeting and non-viral strategy. In addition, personal manufacturin g (~2 month) is too long for patients with aggressive disease. Moreover, t he variable quality of starting cell materials from cancer patient may incre ases the risk of fail manufacturing and impacts quality of cell products. Th e present invention: Allogeneic, mRNA-driven, nanobody (Nb)-based CA R.BiTE-gamma delta (γδ)T cell therapy have several innovative technologi es as following: 1. Dual targeting HLA-G and PD-L1 for overcoming immune suppressive microenvironment (TME) in solid tumors. 2. γδT effector cells provide allogeneic potential and MHC-independent n atural anti-tumor activity to against antigen-low tumor cells. 3. Electroporation of mRNA as non-viral gene delivery strategy to avoid in sertional mutations. 4. Novel semi-automated close-system is adapted for cultivation of large s cale and standardized γδT cell products with reducing costs. 5. Cell prototype is adherent to the allogeneic cell therapy guidance of U. S. FDA, and may allow patient to be treated as soon as the examination wa s taken in a one-day. 6. CAR.BiTE-γδT cells able to infiltrate into tumor burden, and the released BiTE triggers bystander immune cells against tumor cells synergically. 7. CAR.BiTE-γδT cell therapy extends 3-5-fold of median survival rate, and absence of toxicity to normal tissues. 8. Novel CAR construct is more efficiently to maintain effector activity tha n conventional designs. 9. Low immunogenicity of Nbs able to prevent the production
Future Tech | Biotechnology ＆ Medical careGene therapy holds great potential as a way to treat a variety of diseases c aused by defective genes. However, to date, a major hurdle in gene deliver y to the correct part of the body has been the difficulty of avoiding gene o ff-target effects (ineffective delivery). In many cases, gene drugs are encapsulated in lipid nanoparticles (liposomes), and the gene expression effici ency of such non-viral drug carriers is usually low. The development of lung gene therapy drugs is facing the greatest difficul ty: (1) cannot effectively accumulate in the diseased part of the lung; (2) ca using unnecessary exposure and Off-target toxicity. In order to drastically improve the effectiveness and safety of lung gene therapy, our team devel oped a new type of lung delivery nucleic acid carrier by combining differe nt material properties, which can effectively deliver nucleic acid gene ther apy drugs to the lungs and accumulate them during intravenous injection. There, and using the world's first catalytic transfection effect (Catalytic tr ansfection) to highly improve efficiency, it is the first time in the field of ge ne delivery to propose the use of lung active targeting and catalysis to ach ieve local target transfection targets. We chose lung cancer as an initial disease treatment model and used nove l vectors combined with siRNA drugs. Through preliminary cell and animal proof-of-concept studies, we determined that this combination inhibits P D-L1 protein expression in cancer cells. This study has confirmed that the new vector has efficient accumulation ability in the lung and has the abilit y of nucleic acid transfection. In an animal model of lung metastases. At th e same time, our team is also testing different types of nucleic acid drugs, including Plasmid DNA and Messenger RNA, etc., which have shown high transfection activity in cell experiments, which shows that this new type of nucleic acid carrier has a wide range of application space and value.
Future Tech | Biotechnology ＆ Medical careWe developed a three-dimensional plasmonic hot-spot rich (3D-PHS) nan ochip, which was constructed based on a random crossed-wire silver nano wire woodpile structure. 3D-PHS can provide 3D LSPR and hot spots, whic h can integrate the signal processing software to become a CSDP system t hat can be applied to any Raman instrument. Especially, we have also deve loped a portable spectrometer to fit CSDP and eventually it becomes a po werful rapid screening detection system. At this stage, CSDP has been suc cessfully applied to two items: agriculture (pesticides, orchid virus) and bi omedical testing (drugs, bilirubin, bacteria, cancer cells, antibodies and an tigens, and coronaviruses). Among them, pesticides have reached the far m test; bilirubin has successfully cooperated with NTU Hospital and clinica l data collection. Covid-19 virus and antibody information has also been e stablished. Such biosensing technology can be used by healthcare units fo r effective Point of Care Testing (POCT).
Future Tech | Biotechnology ＆ Medical careBioelectronic medicine is utilizing microelectrodes to record nerve signals and employs electrical stimulation to control neuron activity. However, im plantable medical electronics easily cause negative effects such as damag e to the local soft tissue. Accordingly, a novel technology combining the p rinciples of electronic aids and regenerative medicine is developed. The te chnology involves the creation of a degradable implantable soft self-adhe sive electronic patch, which integrates high-resolution electrical stimulati on, signal sensing, and cell regeneration therapy. The technology begins with material engineering, where collagen combined with silk protein and enzymes to form a hydrogel as an electronic substrate. This hydrogel perf ectly matches the tissue, exhibits self-adhesiveness, adjustable degradability, and can also accommodate stem cells. For electronic circuits, a highly c onductive dual-structure hydrogel is created by doping collagen with con ductive polymers and graphene. This conductive material possesses phot oresist properties and can be rapidly patterned into various electrode micr ostructures. By incorporating a degradable polylactic acid as an insulating layer, the technology achieves precise treatment, mass production, and a c ost-effective and straightforward water-based adhesive electronic packagi ng process. The use of practical enzymes induces viscosity, enabling one-s tep transfer printing to combine all device stacks, forming a full hydrogel degradable microelectrode array patch.The jelly-like electronic patch not only provides adhesion and controllable degradation but also allows for micron-level nerve signal recording and electrical stimulation. For nerve in juries, the patch can serve dual roles as both medical electronics and nerv e conduits. Importantly, it can be left in the original tissue and fused with i t without requiring surgical removal, ultimately accelerating damage heali ng.
Future Tech | Biotechnology ＆ Medical careRaman spectroscopy identifies molecules based on their vibrational finger print. However, its sensitivity is limited due to the small scattering cross-se ction. To address this, SERS utilizes localized surface plasmons to enhance the light-matter interaction by several orders of magnitude. By increasing the excitation frequency to deep-UV(DUV) and introducing resonance eff ects, the Raman signals can be significantly boosted. Using finite difference time domain analysis, we determined the optimal d iameter and periodicity of the Al plasmonic nanohole array to achieve LSP R at 266 nm, matching the wavelengths of the incident laser and oligonucl eotide absorption. The nanohole diameter was set at 100 nm for easier fabrication, while the periodicity was swept between 150 and 250 nm to opt imize the LSPR at 266 nm. At the optimized periodicity of 200 nm, the Al p lasmonic nanohole array exhibited a reflectance minimum at 266 nm. Imp ortantly, this optimized design not only simplified fabrication but also res ulted in a high density of hot spots in the laser excitation area, further enh ancing the sensitivity and performance of the substrate. We epitaxially grow an Al film on a sapphire(Al2O3) substrate, by using a plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy(PA-MBE) method. We introduce an optimized plasmonic nanohole array by using electron beam lithograp hy and a reactive ion etching process. We measure the reflectance spectra by using a micro-DUV reflectance setup to confirm the behavior of the pla smonic resonance. Both the experiment and simulations overlap with the reflectance dip at around 266 nm, which confirm the designated plasmoni c resonance of the fabricated Al nanohole array. To evaluate the substrate's performance, we detected five nucleotides(A, T, C, G, U) using the Al plasmonic nanohole array. The substrate exhibited t he highest enhancement factors (EF) of up to ~10^6.This showcases the p otential of DUV-SERRS substrates for sensitive molecular analysis.
Future Tech | Biotechnology ＆ Medical carePeripheral nerve electrical stimulation is currently known to promote peri pheral nerve nerve regeneration, but its benefits for distal muscles and th e innervated neuromuscular junction remain unclear. In our published coll aborative research with researchers in University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), it was confirmed that providing nerve electrical stimulation to the distal end of the damaged nerve can enhance the regeneration of the neu romuscular junction and restore functional muscle recoveries. Based on th ese innovative findings, our research team further optimized and swiped v arious parameters of electrical stimulation to identify a set of optimal para meters that promote the maintenance of the neuromuscular junction and acetylcholine recycling, leading to better muscle fiber regeneration and i mproved functional recovery. This invention provides an optimal combina tion of nerve electrical stimulation parameters for the peripheral nervous and muscular systems, offering an enhanced regenerative mechanism and reduced degeneration at the neuromuscular junction for peripheral nerve and muscle damage. By integrating the optimized parameters with curren t preliminary validated implantable wireless electrical stimulation platfor m of this invention, it enables superior structural and functional recovery of the damaged neuromuscular system. In the future, this invention holds potential benefits not only for peripheral nerve injuries but also for
Future Tech | Biotechnology ＆ Medical careEnteroviruses are nonenveloped, positive-sense single-stranded RNA viru ses that belong to the family Picornaviridae and genus Enterovirus. More t han 100 human enteroviruses have been identified, including polioviruse s, coxsackieviruses group A (CVA), coxsackieviruses group B (CVB), entero viruses (EV, 68 to 71) and echoviruses. Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HF MD) is primarily a childhood disease that has garnered attention worldwid e in the last 20 years. HFMD is caused by infection with human enterovirus es, particularly the EV-A71 and CVA. Several HFMD pathogens are associat ed with severe clinical complications especially in the Asia-Pacific countrie s. However, the monovalent EV-A71 vaccines showed poor cross-neutraliz ation against CVAs in preclinical studies. Formalin-inactivated EV-A71 vac cines are developed from virions produced by Vero cells. However, most c oxsackievirus clinical isolates are reported to have low culture efficiency in Vero cells, and lead to difficulty in producing whole viral particles for the d evelopment of inactivated vaccines. Cell lines, culture media and manufact uring processes are important elements for cell-based viral vaccine produ ction. We have tested several cell lines for enterovirus production and fou nd that HEK293 is a potent cell for coxsackievirus propagation. We also es tablish serum-free culture system for cell-based inactivated vaccine produ ction. This technique is a novel method for preparing enterovirus vaccines using HEK293 cells. Serum-free HEK293 cells can be scaled up in attached or suspension culture system, and it can also be used to culture various ty pes of enteroviruses. The production of different enterovirus antigens can be included in a multivalent HFMD virus vaccine, which can be use to cont rol the epidemic of multiple HFMD diseases.
Future Tech | Biotechnology ＆ Medical careAccording to our previous investigation, iron-platinum nanoparticles (FeP t NPs) have promising applicability in cancer diagnosis and therapy due to the excellent biocompatibility and dual imaging of CT/MRI. Furthermore, f or clinical practices, FePt NPs have the ability to overcome resistance to se veral treatments such as radio- and tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy, which endows the potential capability for translated nanomedicine. In our study published in 2021, as compared with control cells, FePt NPs was fou nd to be accumulated more efficiently in human copper transporter 1 (hCt r1) overexpressing cancer cells which exhibited a radiotherapy resistant p henotype. The combination of X-ray and FePt NPs can amplify the therape utic efficacy of ionizing radiation, which is mediated by mitochondrial da mage induced ROS burst in vitro and in vivo. In addition, under the suppo rt of MOST (MOST 110-2314-B-006-017), we found another functionalityof FePt NPs to be a novel ferroptosis-inducer which holds great promising to treat mesenchymal drug tolerant persister cells (DTPC) in non-small-cel l lung cancer (NSCLC) harboring epidermal growth factor receptor (EFGR) mutations. Although FePt NPs have great potential for therapeutic applica tion, there are some obstacles should be overcome such as natural hydrop hobicity, poor liquid dispersion, and tumor targeted capability. Recently, w e have developed a novel nanocomplex (FePt@FTY-TPGS) with FTY720, a n antagonist of sphingosine-1-phosphate 1 receptor , attached and TPGS encapsulation without affecting the inherent magnetic properties. Well di spersion in liquid phase and a superior cell killing efficacy of nanocomplex than raw FePt NPs inspired us to explore the related capability for nano-ra dioimmunotherapy as well as the mechanism of action (MOA) in our estab lished intra-arterial (IA) administrated mice and canine clinical models whi ch all indicated the great potential for further cancer disease treatment.
Future Tech | Biotechnology ＆ Medical careOur team has developed a groundbreaking technology called "YouSync" t hat utilizes CRISPR/Cas and yeast mating-type switching to enable compu tation and storage within living cells. This transformative breakthrough e mpowers living cells to perform logic operations and store information, gr eatly enhancing cell detection and disease monitoring precision. The mod ular design of YouSync allows for logic and memory operations in mamma lian cells, enabling sequential, time-dependent memory operations and fa cilitating the study of cell lineages and biological processes in living organ isms. This contributes to a deeper understanding of cell biology, particular ly in the early detection and progression of neurodegenerative diseases li ke ALS and Parkinson's disease. YouSync holds immense potential in biomedicine, drug development, precision medicine, and public health. In ca ncer care, it offers early disease detection and individualized treatment str ategies, advancing precision medicine. Furthermore, YouSync provides a p owerful tool for monitoring epidemics and facilitating early detection, sig nificantly impacting global public health. Its development is expected to d rive industrial advancements and generate substantial economic benefits. One of the unique advantages of YouSync lies in its flexibility and capacity to integrate complex instructions. By harnessing the inherent biological m achinery of cells and combining it with programmable features, YouSync o pens up possibilities for a wide range of applications. It can potentially rev olutionize the healthcare, biotechnology, and pharmaceutical industries b y providing real-time, in-vivo monitoring and response capabilities, ultima tely improving treatment efficiency and effectiveness. This has the potenti al to yield long-term cost savings by reducing the need for follow-up treat ments. Additionally, YouSync creates new market opportunities for compa nies specializing in smart therapeutics and personalized medici
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