We present pen-probe analyzers based on ion-mobility spectrometry and mass spectrometry for in-situ detection of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) or mapping of VOCs emanating from surfaces. User approaches probe to the analyzed object, and presses a button on the probe. The collected data are uploaded to the Internet cloud for retrieval and processing. Every data file contains the exact time and geographical co-ordinates of sample collection site. In another embodiment, the pen-shaped probe has been robotized to enable open-space sampling and mapping of VOCs emanating from solid specimens.

To expedite analysis of VOCs in the field, VOCs are sampled from solid surfaces with the aid of hydrodynamic flow of gas prior to instantaneous analysis by IMS or MS. Thanks to the integration of the IMS analysis with the concept of IoT, the raw data are uploaded to the Internet cloud, to enable post-detection analysis. Abnormal spectral patterns can then be spotted by means of statistical software tools. We also demonstrate the concept of spatial mapping of VOCs emitted from solid specimens by scanning the specimen surfaces with a robotized noncontact probe coupled with a mass spectrometer.

This analytical platform has been developed for several potential applications:
(1) clinical diagnostics based on analysis of volatile skin metabolites and topical drugs;
(2) assessment of food quality (spoilage, detection of contaminants);
(3) environmental monitoring (detection of volatile pollutants in soil).
For example, patients’ skin can be sampled with the pen-probe to obtain spectral patterns of the skin volatome. In fact, some diseases give rise to increased biosynthesis and secretion of volatile compounds via skin. The technology can support diagnosis of those diseases.

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